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Biology and Biochemestry - mod. BIOLOGY (MC)
TATIANA ARMENI

Seat Medicina e Chirurgia
A.A. 2013-2014
Credits 2
Hours 20
Period 1^ semestre
Language ENG
U-gov code MT02-11-11 MT128

Program

1. Cellular organization: Cell theory and organisms classification. Cell organization and size. Prokaryotic and eukaryotic cell: structure and main differences.

2. Biological membranes: biological membranes structure, membrane transport, mechanisms of cell adhesion.

3. The endomembrane system: vesicular trafficking within the eukaryotic cell: rough endoplasmic reticulum, smooth endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus, lysosomes. Exocytosis and endocytosis. The cytoskeleton.

4. The nuclear compartment: the nucleus and the nuclear envelope. Chromatin. The nucleolus structure and function. The chromosomes and the karyotype organization of the human genome. Genes: organization and structure. Gene families and superfamilies. The non-coding genome and significance of the introns presence. Human Genome Project. The mitochondrial DNA.

5. DNA: depositary of the genetic information: Molecular bases of the hereditary information. nucleic acids: composition and structure. From DNA to protein: transcription, mRNA maturation and translation. Genetic code and its properties. Protein synthesis and fate of post-synthetic proteins.

6. Cell cycle: interphase and mitosis. DNA replication. Cell cycle control. Apoptosis and proliferation. Regulation of gene expression.

7. Asexual and sexual reproduction. Meiosis. DNA repair and mutability. Genetic significance of meiosis. The stem cells. Definition of mutation. Causes of mutation. DNA repair mechanisms.

8. Heredity: basic principles of the characters transmission. Mendel laws. Extending Mendelian inheritance. Multiple alleles. of Dominance and recessively relations. Multifactor and polygenic traits.

Development of the examination
Written test-oral exam.

Recommended reading

"Elementi di Biologia e Genetica",  P. Bonaldo- P.DeFilippi- F. Majone- P. Pierantoni- G.B. Principato- M.G. Romanelli, Monduzzi Editore
"Biologia e Genetica", Chieffi- Dolfini- Malcovati- Pierantoni- Tenchini, EdiSES

Courses

• Infermieristica Fermo